In the early decades of the twentieth century, public health officials advocated for the use of more sanitary outhouses, like this design from a 1911 U.S. Department of Agriculture pamphlet, to prevent hookworm infection. The expansion of indoor plumbing in the post-World War II era would be the biggest factor in the decline of hookworm disease in Alabama.
Sanitary Privy
Photo courtesy of the U.S. Department of Agriculture
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